検索キーワード： 19世紀

It has often been said that the greatest invention of all time was the sail, which facilitated the internationalization of the globe and thus ushered in the modern era. Columbus' contact with the New World, alongside European maritime contact with the Far East, transformed human history, and in particular, the history of Africa. It was the sail that linked the continents of Africa, Asia, and Europe, and thus it was also the sail that facilitated the greatest involuntary human migrations in history.

The bloodiest battle of the Civil War was also its turning point. From this point onwards, the Confederate forces would never gain a hold in the North again. Heroes would be born from places such as Little Roundtop and among the soldiers of Picketts Charge. And later, in the words of Abraham Lincoln, martyrs were created in the aftermath of the conflict, giving reason to a war that no one quite believed in fully until this point.

In 1884, Otto von Bismarck, the German chancellor, brought the plenipotentiaries of all major powers of Europe together, to deal with Africa's colonization in such a manner as to avoid provocation of war. This event—known as the Berlin Conference of 1884-1885—galvanized a phenomenon that came to be known as the Scramble for Africa.

The Battle of Antietam was a turning point in the Civil War. In the span of several hours, there would be more loss of American life than in any other battle before or since, leaving one in four of the soldiers who took part either dead or wounded by the end of the day. What led to such a disastrous conclusion? And could something positive come from such an appalling massacre? The focus of the war was about to change. So, too, was how the American people viewed war as a whole.

Beginning with the birth of the nation, slavery divided and caused conflict for the United States of America, worsening during the country's early decades as the practice became more economically vital. Finally, in 1861, the American Civil War erupted after the election of President Abraham Lincoln. Never acknowledging the South’s right to secede, Lincoln and the North fought the South through four long, bloody, destructive years; much longer than anyone thought the war would last.

History for busy people. The American Civil War was fought between the Confederates and the Union from 1861 to 1865. This is a concise history of this tumultuous period.The American Civil War started when eleven southern ‘slave’ states declared their independence from the United States of America. Abraham Lincoln’s Republican government were strongly against slavery and fought to abolish it and keep the country united.

Today, the British Army is one of the most powerful fighting forces in the world. Its highly trained professional soldiers are equipped with the most advanced military technology ever made. Its international interventions, while controversial both at home and abroad, are carried out with incredible professionalism and little loss of life among British servicemen and servicewomen. Naturally, the history and traditions behind this army are also impressive.

What did 19th-century cities smell like? And how did odors matter in the formation of a modern environmental consciousness? Smell Detectives follows the 19th-century Americans who used their noses to make sense of the sanitary challenges caused by rapid urban and industrial growth.

In The Making of Modern Britain, Andrew Marr paints a fascinating portrait of life in Britain during the first half of the twentieth century as the country recovered from the grand wreckage of the British Empire. Between the death of Queen Victoria and the end of the Second World War, the nation was shaken by war and peace. The two wars were the worst we had ever known and the episodes of peace among the most turbulent and surprising.

The Greater Journey is the enthralling, inspiring - and until now, untold - story of the adventurous American artists, writers, doctors, politicians, architects, and others of high aspiration who set off for Paris in the years between 1830 and 1900, ambitious to excel in their work.

From the New York Times best-selling author comes the definitive history of one of the greatest battles ever fought - a riveting nonfiction chronicle published to commemorate the two-hundredth anniversary of Napoleon's last stand.

Marie Antoinette was a child of 14 when she was made to leave her family and country to become the wife of another child, France's 15-year-old King Louis the XVI. Far from home and suddenly thrust not only into the role of a woman and wife, but of a queen, Marie Antoinette lived an astonishing, though short, existence.

In the early 1800s, three young men strode onto the national stage, elected to Congress at a moment when the Founding Fathers were beginning to retire to their farms. Daniel Webster of Massachusetts, a champion orator known for his eloquence, spoke for the North and its business class. Henry Clay of Kentucky, as dashing as he was ambitious, embodied the hopes of the rising West. South Carolina's John Calhoun, with piercing eyes and an even more piercing intellect, defended the South and slavery.

Het nieuwe boek van bestsellerauteur Philip Dröge Op 21 februari 1885 arriveert een bescheiden karavaan in Mekka. Op een van de kamelen zit een...Het nieuwe boek van bestsellerauteur Philip Dröge Op 21 februari 1885 arriveert een bescheiden karavaan in Mekka. Op een van de kamelen zit een figuur die niet anders lijkt dan zijn reisgenoten. Maar eenmaal op een veilige plek komt vanonder zijn djellaba een Nederlander tevoorschijn. Een 28-jarige predikantenzoon uit Leiden: Christiaan Snouck Hurgronje. Als een van de eerste westerlingen dringt hij door tot het grootste heiligdom van de islam, en waagt daarmee zijn leven.

Nel sesto volume della serie "Breve Storia di Napoleone Bonaparte" si ripercorrono gli avvenimenti essenziali della campagna che rappresenta il punto di svolta nella carriera militare di Napoleone Bonaparte e delle guerre napoleoniche: l'invasione francese della Russia nel 1812 termina con una disastrosa sconfitta e con la distruzione delle truppe francesi e dei contingenti stranieri. Il completo annientamento della Grande Armata cambierà la storia dell'Europa.

Gli eventi che portarono Napoleone al potere furono il frutto di un contesto sto-rico preciso in cui per la prima volta nella Storia si facevano vive le istanze di li-bertà da parte di tutte le classi sociali. I fatti e i protagonisti di un evento cruciale per la storia dell'Europa, come la Rivoluzione francese, sono il fulcro di questo primo volume della "Breve storia dell'epoca napoleonica". Scopriremo inoltre un giovane Napoleone, la formazione militare, i primi passi come soldato e gli iniziali audaci sogni di gloria.

15 settembre 1864: a tre anni dall'unificazione, la capitale del nuovo Stato fu trasferita da Torino a Firenze. Città provinciale e cosmopolita, Firenze fu vista come una buona mediazione tra le rigidità piemontesi e la sfida che si voleva portare a Roma, ancora saldamente nelle mani del papa. L'evento ebbe un forte peso istituzionale e un significativo impatto simbolico. Anche se per Firenze fu solo una reggenza di pochi anni (fino al 20 settembre 1870, quando capitale d'Italia diventò Roma), gli effetti sulla città furono tutt'altro che lievi.

L'Europa moderna, nata con le grandi monarchie, tra guerre, conflitti religiosi, contese dinastiche, crisi sociali, e cresciuta nel rigoglio delle lettere, delle arti e della scienza, e nella rete della rivoluzione industriale, questa Europa solo nel 1848 trova finalmente una voce comune e un sentimento condiviso: il desiderio di libertà dei popoli.

20 settembre 1870: poco dopo le dieci del mattino, i cannoni dell'artiglieria italiana cessano di tuonare contro le mura di Roma e i bersaglieri del nuovo Regno d'Italia si lanciano all'assalto di Porta Pia, contrastati ancora dal fuoco di fucileria degli ultimi difensori del papa. Da giorni, 60.000 soldati del generale Cadorna sono schierati lungo le vie Salaria, Appia, Aurelia e Tiburtina e stanno convergendo sulla città. Nell'azione cadono pochi uomini, dall'una e dall'altra parte. Pio IX ha infatti ordinato una resistenza solo simbolica e ha già preparato la bandiera bianca.

Dal 1861 a oggi, lo Stato italiano ha imbastito una narrativa distorta per alimentare il mito di una felice unità d'Italia. I libri di storia ufficiali sono tutt'oggi pregni di una retorica risorgimentale che, come stucco, basta grattare via per rivelare la bruttezza di un "Risorgimento" fatto di violenza e ingiustizia contro le moltitudini meridionali. "Il Sud borbonico e le verità nascoste" contribuisce a sfatare questo mito attraverso un metodo analitico-deduttivo che ha prodotto risultati sorprendenti.