The catastrophic collapse of the Juscelino Kubitschek bridge on December 22, 2024, connecting Aguiarnópolis (TO) and Estreito (MA) along BR-226 highway, has emerged as one of Brazil's most significant infrastructure disasters in many years. The incident resulted in multiple fatalities and triggered an extensive rescue operation involving various government agencies.

The human toll has been devastating, with 10 confirmed deaths and several individuals still missing. The collapse affected at least 10 vehicles, including trucks, cars, and motorcycles that plunged into the Tocantins River. The rescue efforts face significant challenges due to the river's depth, which ranges from 20 to 60 meters, and strong currents with low visibility.

Environmental concerns have escalated due to the spillage of hazardous materials into the Tocantins River. Approximately 25,280 liters of pesticides, including 8.9 tons of 2,4-D, and 76 tons of sulfuric acid were involved in the incident. While initial assessments by ANA indicated potential dilution of chemicals to safe levels, long-term environmental impacts remain a serious concern.

The collapse has been attributed to long-term infrastructure neglect. A 2020 DNIT report had identified significant structural damage, including fissures in 14 of 16 pillars and exposed, rusted steel cables. The bridge, constructed in the 1960s and named to honor President Juscelino Kubitschek, had been subjected to increasing traffic loads well beyond its original design capacity of 45 tons.

The incident has prompted multiple investigations, including a Federal Police inquiry into potential negligence. The Ministry of Transport has committed to rebuilding the bridge, with an estimated cost between R$100 to R$150 million and a projected completion within one year. The collapse has significantly disrupted regional transportation and economic activities, particularly affecting the agricultural sector in the Matopiba region.