Join us this month on GeOCHemISTea as we sit down with Brittany Hupp, Assistant Professor at George Mason University in the Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Earth Sciences. Brittany specializes in micropaleontology, sedimentology, and low-temperature geochemistry, exploring ancient climates and ocean conditions to better understand modern environmental challenges.

In this episode, Brittany shares her unconventional path into geosciences—from a dairy farm in rural Ohio to oceanic research cruises—and offers practical advice for aspiring geochemists seeking interdisciplinary careers. She introduces listeners to the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), a pivotal ancient global warming event used as a critical analog to current climate change. Brittany explains how geochemical proxies, such as stable isotopes and trace elements in microfossils (foraminifera), illuminate past temperature shifts, ocean acidification, and hydrological changes.

Tune in for captivating stories from life at sea, including the social dynamics aboard research vessels, and discover how paleoclimatology provides valuable insights into Earth's climate sensitivity and future scenarios.

Grab your tea... it's time to spill!

For this episode we read:The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum: A Perturbation of Carbon Cycle, Climate, and Biosphere with Implications for the Future (McInerney and Wing, 2011)Diagenetic Attenuation of Carbon Isotope Excursion Recorded by Planktic Foraminifers During the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (Kozdon et al., 2018)Development of a novel empirical framework for interpreting geological carbon isotope excursions, with implications for the rate of carbon injections across the PETM (Turner and Ridgwell, 2016)Individual foraminiferal analyses: a review of current and emerging geochemical techniques (Fehrenbacher et al., 2024)

This month GeOCHemISTea talks with Oscar Benavente, an environmental geochemist at SRK Consulting, about using satellite imagery to monitor mine drainage and environmental change. They dive into how Google Earth Engine, Python, and machine learning are transforming geochemical monitoring—mapping water bodies, tracking sulfide oxidation, and improving mine site remediation.

Oscar shares insights from his career spanning geothermal exploration, environmental geochemistry, and consulting. They also discuss the importance of fieldwork, communicating complex science effectively, and the surprising connections between planetary and mining geochemistry.

Tune in for a lively conversation filled with geochemistry, remote sensing, and some unexpected tangents—including volcanic adventures, music, and the tight-knit world of geochemists.

For this episode we read:

Monitoring of mine drainage related processes through satellite imagery - Dynamic Mapping of Sulfide Oxidation (Benavente, 2024)

Dynamic Mapping of Water Bodies using Google Earth Engine (Benavente, 2024)

Historical geochemical datasets can be challenging with variable methods, missing metadata, and shifting detection limits, but they’re also an invaluable resource for mineral exploration and mining.

In this episode, we break down what qualifies as historical data, common pitfalls to watch for, and best practices for integrating legacy datasets into interpretation workflows. We also explore the newest geochemical data from field-portable and scanning technologies, examining how they complement and contrast with traditional datasets.

For this episode we read:

Advances in ICP-MS technology and the application of multi-element geochemistry to exploration (Sader and Ryan, 2019)

Advances in exploration geochemistry, 2007 to 2017 and beyond (Winterburn et al., 2019)

Evaluation of partial digestions for soils to detect a deeply buried VMS Cu-Zn prospect in boreal forests (van Geffen et al., 2014)

Major advances in exploration geochemistry, 1998-2007 (Cohen et al., 2010)

In this episode we talk with Mark Arundell, Principal Geologist at IMEx Consulting, to delve into the past, present, and future of geochemical sampling. With over 30 years of international experience, Mark shares insights into avoiding suboptimal sampling, the importance of understanding regolith, and how smarter techniques can lead to better outcomes in mineral exploration. Whether you're new to geochemistry or a seasoned professional, this conversation is packed with practical advice and thought-provoking discussions on improving exploration geochemistry strategies.

For this episode we read:

Why 80 mesh? (Garrett, 2019)

Metallogeny and mineral exploration - some personal reminiscences (Sillitoe, 2024)

Seeing through alluvial gold - fine fraction stream sediment sampling in the Sofala Area, Central New South Wales (Arundell and Gatehouse, 2004)

In this episode of GeOCHemISTea we dive into the origins of orogenic gold deposits with Rich Goldfarb, exploring the science behind fluids, isotopes, and formation processes. From debunking magmatic theories to highlighting the facts of metamorphic origins, Rich shares the real tea (and quite a number of shenanigans) on how to make an orogenic gold deposit . Join us for a conversation that’s equal parts science and intrigue.

For this episode we read: Orogenic gold: is a genetic association with magmatism realistic? (Goldfarb and Pitcairn, 2022)

In this episode of GeOCHemISTea, host Sam Scher sits down with Steve Tambanis, Managing Director at STX Consulting and Director at RealTime Priority Limited, to explore the challenges and innovations in field-based geochemical analysis using portable XRF (pXRF) and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). Steve shares his journey from traditional exploration geology to pioneering real-time assays, recounting how he and his team set out to develop a portable field laboratory for immediate sample analysis in remote settings. Together, they dive into the highs and lows of calibrating and optimizing pXRF and LIBS, discussing the meticulous sample preparation and calibration required to achieve accuracy and reliability, even in challenging field conditions.

From overcoming unexpected hurdles, like creating custom calibration pellets to ensure consistent LIBS results, to exploring the practical limits and advantages of each technology, this episode sheds light on the adaptability required to make these devices work effectively in geochemical exploration. Sam and Steve also touch on the importance of engaging with vendors for technical support and the value of sharing field-tested insights with other users to advance best practices. Whether you're an experienced geochemist or new to the field, Steve's experiences offer invaluable guidance for anyone interested in applying portable assay technologies to improve exploration outcomes.

For this episode we read:

Reliable and Repeated Field Assays

LIBS and pXRF in Lithium Exploration

What does this rock carry - know in the field

Let's learn about upscaling LA-ICP-MS pyrite results to whole rock geochemistry data using PCA. On the way we'll hear about the life and times of an early career geochemist and some of the ins and outs of being a geochemical consultant.

For this episode we read: Using whole rock and in situ pyrite chemistry to evaluate authigenic and hydrothermal controls on trace element variability in a Zn mineralized Proterozoic subbasin (Magnall et al., 2022)

For this episode we read: Archean Lode Gold Deposits in Ontario (Colvine et al., 1984) aka the Greenstone Bible.

We talk about Simon's transition from working from large mining companies to opening his own consultancy for all those considering this as part of their future.

Our tea... have you ever been late to your flight, anxious on the shores of Lake Victoria, Tanzania?

As for the heart of the show? We talk about the applications of geochemistry to greenstone gold exploration. This one is dedicated to the fans of the show in Dubreuilville (Canada) who wanted some extra insight on geochemistry in greenstones. I hope you enjoy this one!